SURGE VALVES
There are various types of valves that can be used for protection against water hammer and which are designed to mitigate the effects of sudden changes in water flow velocity and pressure, which can cause damaging surges in piping systems. These valves work by controlling the flow of water and preventing pressure spikes, or by controlling the air and vaccum. They can be used in conjunction with other devices, such as surge vessels, to provide comprehensive protection against water hammer and related issues.
PRESSURE RELIEF
Pressure relief valves are designed to protect against water hammer by relieving excessive pressure caused by sudden changes in fluid flow. These valves operate by opening when the pressure exceeds a pre-determined threshold, allowing the excess fluid to be safely discharged. This helps to prevent damage to pipelines, pumps, and other equipment.
Surge relief valves can be adjusted to suit specific system conditions and can be used in conjunction with other water hammer protection devices to provide comprehensive protection against pressure surges.
SURGE ANTICIPATOR
Surge Anticipator Valves can play an important role in protecting pumps, pumping equipment, and pipelines from dangerous pressure surges that can result from rapid changes in flow velocity. When pumping systems experience sudden power failure, the valve opens on the initial low pressure wave, diverting the returning high pressure wave and preventing equipment damage. It anticipates the high pressure wave and is designed to dissipate it, then slowly closes to prevent any further pressure surges.
PUMP CONTROL CHECK
Pump control valves are designed to regulate the pressure and flow of water in a piping system to prevent water hammer caused by rapid changes in flow or pressure. These valves are typically installed on the discharge side of the pump and operate by modulating the flow of water to maintain a constant pressure in the system.
The pump control valve has a sensing element that monitors the pressure downstream of the valve and sends a signal to the control system to adjust the valve position as needed. The valve may also have a speed control feature that adjusts the speed of the pump to maintain a constant flow and pressure in the system.
By regulating the flow and pressure in the system, the pump control valve helps to reduce the potential for water hammer and other damaging effects on the piping system.
SILENT CHECK VALVES
Silent check valves are designed to prevent water hammer by allowing flow in only one direction and closing tightly when the flow stops or reverses. Unlike traditional check valves, which can cause water hammer due to the sudden closing of the valve, silent check valves use a spring-loaded piston or diaphragm to control the flow of water and prevent slamming. They are called "silent" because they do not produce the loud noise associated with traditional check valves. Silent check valves are often used in situations where noise is a concern, such as residential plumbing systems or hospitals. They are effective in preventing water hammer and reducing the risk of damage to pipes and fittings.
AIR VALVES
Air valves are also known as air release valves or air vents. They are used in water supply systems to automatically release accumulated air from the pipeline. When water is pumped into a pipeline, air can become trapped in high points and can cause water hammer when the air is compressed and suddenly released. Air valves are designed to allow air to be released from the pipeline and prevent the accumulation of air pockets. This can help to reduce the risk of water hammer and prevent damage to the pipeline and equipment. Air valves are typically installed at high points in the pipeline or at locations where air can accumulate, such as at dead ends or near pumps.
VACUUM BREAKER
A vacuum breaker is a type of valve that is used to prevent the formation of a vacuum in a piping system, which can lead to water hammer. It is typically installed on the discharge side of a pump, boiler, or other equipment that can create a vacuum when shut off.
When the equipment is in operation, the vacuum breaker remains closed and allows fluid to flow through the piping system. When the equipment is shut off, the vacuum breaker opens to allow air to enter the system and prevent the formation of a vacuum. This helps to reduce the risk of water hammer and other related problems.
Vacuum breakers can come in different types and sizes depending on the application and the level of protection required. Some common types include atmospheric vacuum breakers, pressure vacuum breakers, and reduced pressure zone (RPZ) backflow preventers.